Title

北达科他州大豆常见节肢动物害虫

(E2005, Dec. 2020)
File
Publication File:
Summary

本文介绍了美国北达科他州常见的大豆节肢动物害虫. 包括以下害虫:食叶毛虫(绿三叶草虫), painted lady butterfly), potato leafhoppers, soybean aphids, spider mites, armyworms, bean leaf beetles and cutworms. 帮助害虫管理人员正确识别, 每一种害虫都提供了未成熟和成年阶段的简要描述和照片.

Lead Author
Lead Author:
Janet J. 诺德尔教授和推广昆虫学家
Other Authors

Veronica Calles-Torrez，博士后科学家

Availability
Availability:
Web only
Publication Sections

Table of Contents

Foliage Feeding Caterpillars

Green Cloverworm

Caterpillar (larva, Figure 1): Mature larva about 1¼ inches long. Pale green, 两边各有一条狭长的白色条纹, 身体中部有三对肉质前肢，尾部有一对前肢. Moves in a looping behavior. Chew on leaves and pods.

Adult (Figure 2): Wingspan of 1 inch. Dark brown moth with spots. 飞蛾休息时，翅膀呈三角形. 每年春天迁徙到北达科他州.

Figure 1
Photo Credit:
J. 曼尼托巴农业、食品和农村倡议组织的Gavloski说
Larva - green cloverworm
Figure 2
Photo Credit:
J. 曼尼托巴农业、食品和农村倡议组织的Gavloski说
Green cloverworm moth

Painted Lady Butterfly

蓟毛虫(幼虫，图3): Mature larva about 1½ inches long. 褐色至黑色，身体两侧有黄色条纹，被分枝的带刺毛覆盖(看起来多刺)。. 在卷曲的树叶中筑巢，以树叶为食. Black pellets (frass) inside web.

Adult (Figure 4): Wing span of 2½ to 3½ inches. 前翅红橙色和棕色，有黑色和白色斑点. 后翅橙褐色，沿边缘有四个黑色的“眼点”. 以花蜜和蚜虫蜜露为食. 每年春天迁徙到北达科他州.

Figure 3
Photo Credit:
V. Calles-Torrez, NDSU
Thistle caterpillar in webbed nest
Figure 4
Photo Credit:
P. Beauzay, NDSU
Painted lady butterfly

Soybean Aphid

Nymph (Figure 5): 与成虫相似，但较小且无翅.

Adult (Figure 6): Small, about 1/16 inch long, 淡黄绿色梨形身体, 黑色角状(看起来像尾部的排气管), either winged or wingless.

若虫和成虫都以植物汁液为食.

Figure 5
Photo Credit:
P. Beauzay, NDSU
大豆蚜虫若虫和成虫在叶片背面
Figure 6
Photo Credit:
P. Beauzay, NDSU
Adult - soybean aphid

Spider Mite

Immature: 与成人相似，但体型较小，有六到八条腿.

Adult (Figure 7): Small, less than 0.02英寸(需要放大才能看清细节), green, yellow or orange body, 腹部两个黑点为双斑蜘蛛螨, eight legs. Located on the undersides of leaves. Produce spiderlike webbing (Figure 8) and stippling injury on leaves (Figure 9).

Figure 7
Photo Credit:
D. 卡帕特，密歇根州立大学，布格伍德.org
Two-spotted spider mite
Figure 8
Photo Credit:
D. 卡帕特，密歇根州立大学，布格伍德.org
Webbing from two-spotted spider mites
Figure 9
Photo Credit:
W. 克兰肖，科罗拉多州立大学，布格伍德.org
两只斑点蜘蛛造成的点状损伤

Armyworm

Larva (Figure 10): 浅褐色到深绿棕色的毛虫，有三条纵条纹(淡橙色), white, 褐色或/和黑色)在光滑和几乎无毛的身体上, about 1½ to 2 inches long when mature. 落叶的叶/豆荚，通常在潮湿，阴凉的地区与滞留的植物.

Adult (Figure 11): 浅棕色蛾子，前翅上有针尖大小的白斑, wingspan of 1½ inches.

Figure 10
Photo Credit:
P. Beauzay, NDSU
Larva -armyworm
Figure 11
Photo Credit:
G. Fauske, NDSU
Adult - armyworm

Cutworm

Larva (Figure 12): 黑色到浅灰色的身体有斑点或条纹，1½ inches long when mature. 在地面以下或地面以上修剪幼苗.

Adult (Figure 13): Dark gray, 褐色或暗黄色或棕褐色蛾子，翅膀有深色斑纹, robust body, wingspan length of 1¼ to 1½ inches.

Figure 12
Photo Credit:
J. 曼尼托巴农业、食品和农村倡议组织的Gavloski说
Larva - dingy cutworm larva
Figure 13
Photo Credit:
G. Fauske, NDSU
Adult - dingy cutworm

Bean Leaf Beetle

Larva: 白色的身体，棕色的头，成熟时约1 / 4英寸长. 在土壤中发现，以根、根毛和根瘤为食.

Adult (Figures 14 and 15): About ¼ inch long, oval-shaped, 黄绿色到红褐色的甲虫, 翅膀上有四个黑点(斑点也可以没有)，靠近翅膀边缘有黑色边缘. 甲虫在前胸的中间和后面总是有一个黑色的三角形标记. 成虫以叶子为食，在小叶脉之间和豆荚上形成小而圆的孔 (Figure 16).

Figure 15
Photo Credit:
J. Kalisch, Nebraska State University
Adult - red bean leaf beetle
Figure 14
Photo Credit:
J. Kalisch, Nebraska State University
Adult - yellow bean leaf beetle
Figure 16
Photo Credit:
J. Kalisch, Nebraska State University
豆叶甲虫脱叶和豆荚损伤

Potato Leafhopper

Nymph (Figure 17):
与成虫相似，但较小，无翅，黄绿色.

Adult (Figure 18): Less than 1/8 一英寸长，窄，楔形，淡绿色的身体. 翅膀是透明的绿色，休息时折叠起来. 当受到干扰时，若虫和成虫会快速地横向跳跃或行走. 每年春天迁徙到北达科他州.

若虫和成虫都以植物汁液为食.

Figure 17
Photo Credit:
S. 布朗，乔治亚大学巴格伍德分校.org
Nymph - potato leafhopper
Figure 18
Photo Credit:
S. 布朗，乔治亚大学巴格伍德分校.org
Adult - potato leafhopper

由北达科他州大豆委员会和美国农业部国家食品和农业研究所支持出版, Hatch Project Accession No. 1018411和作物保护和有害生物管理计划[批准号. 2017-70006-27144].

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